what is Cryptography in Cybersecurity?

 Cryptography is the practice of encoding information to ensure that only the intended recipient can read it. This ancient art, dating back to Egyptian hieroglyphics, remains vital today for securing communications and protecting sensitive data. Modern cryptography uses advanced algorithms and ciphers, such as AES and 128-bit or 256-bit encryption, to make data virtually unbreakable. It combines disciplines like computer science, engineering, and mathematics to create complex codes.

There are two main types of cryptography: symmetric key, where the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt data, and asymmetric key, where a public key encrypts data and a private key decrypts it. Cryptography secures online transactions, such as banking and ecommerce, as well as passwords, emails, and web browsing. It involves techniques like cryptographic key generation and digital signing to protect data privacy and prevent unauthorized access.

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